Q50
NAT2 marksThe EX stage of a pipelined processor performs the memory read operations for LOAD instructions, and the operations for the arithmetic and logic instructions. Let denote the time taken by the EX stage to perform the operation for an instruction. For each instruction type, the values of and (the number of instructions of that type in a sequence of instructions for a program P ), are given in the table below. The duration of the pipeline clock cycle is nanosecond. Assume that the latch time for the interstage buffers in the pipeline is negligible.
\renewcommand{\arraystretch}{1.3} \begin{array}{|l|c|c|} \hline \text{Instruction} & \begin{array}{c} t_{EX}\ \text{in} \\ \text{nanoseconds} \end{array} & M \\ \hline \text{LOAD} & 1.8 & 15 \\ \hline \text{IMUL} & 1.5 & 10 \\ \hline \text{IDIV} & 2.5 & 5 \\ \hline \text{FADD} & 1.7 & 10 \\ \hline \text{FSUB} & 1.7 & 5 \\ \hline \text{FMUL} & 2.8 & 15 \\ \hline \text{FDIV} & 3.2 & 5 \\ \hline \begin{array}{l} \text{All other} \\ \text{instructions} \end{array} & \begin{array}{c} \text{Less than} \\ 1.0 \end{array} & 35 \\ \hline \end{array}When program is executed, the number of clock cycles for which the pipeline is stalled due to structural hazards in the EX stage is . (answer in integer)
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