Q39

MCQ2 marks, −0.67

Which one of the following predicate formulae is NOT logically valid? Note that $W$ is a predicate formula without any free occurrence of $x$ .

(A)

$\forall x (p(x) \vee W) \equiv \forall x \ p(x) \vee W$

(B)

$\exists x(p(x) \wedge W) \equiv \exists x \: p(x) \wedge W$

(C)

$\forall x(p(x) \rightarrow W) \equiv \forall x \: p(x) \rightarrow W$

(D)

$\exists x(p(x) \rightarrow W) \equiv \forall x \: p(x) \rightarrow W$

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